SOCIOLINGUISTIC : Creole and Pidgins

CREOLE AND PIDGINS

What Lingua-Franca is

          Lingua Franca might be the most commonly recognised of these three terms. In essence, a lingua franca is one that is used for communication between people who have no native language in common. This helps to facilitate trade and cultural exchange which helps to explain why lingua francas were also called “trade” or “bridge” languages.

          While these days, the lingua franca of the world is undoubtedly English, it wasn’t always like that. Throughout history and in various places around the globe, various other languages have been used to the same effect: Greek was used in the heyday of the Hellenistic influence, Latin during the Roman Empire, Aramaic in Western Asia, and today, French, Urdu, and Swahili are used as the lingua franca in certain parts of the world.

          Actually, the term lingua franca originates from a particular language that was used for communication around the Mediterranean area for around eight centuries. It was based on a simplified version of Italian, with many additions from Spanish, Portuguese, Berber, Turkish, French, Greek, and Arabic. The words “lingua franca” themselves mean “language of the Franks” in Latin, although the term “Franks” covered the whole population of Western Europe.

          Although quite often many pidgin and creole languages can function as lingua francas, lingua francas themselves most often are neither pidgin nor creole.

What Creole and Pidgins is

          Pidgin language (origin in English word `business') is nobody's native language; may arise when two speakers of different languages with no common language try to have a makeshift conversation. Lexicon usually comes from one language, structure often from the other. Because of colonialism, slavery etc. the prestige of Pidgin languages is very low. Many pidgins are `contact vernaculars', may only exist for one speech event.

          Basically, Pidgin is formed spontaneously or agreement between groups of  society. Pidgin is also learnt as a second language, that built from word to word, speech, or gesture from some language and culture. Every Pidgin language have rules for  using it like an specialist of that pidgin.

          Example of Pidgin is Tok Pisin, at this time, this language is used as universal language between different lannguage in Papua Nugini.

          Creole (origin person of European descent born and raised in a tropical colony) is a language that was originally a pidgin but has become nativized, a community of speakers claims it as their first language. Next used to designate the language(s) of people of Caribbean and African descent in colonial and ex-colonial countries (Jamaica, Haiti, Mauritius, Réunion, Hawaii, Pitcairn, etc.)

          When a Pidgin is a simple communication  language without using grammar and complete phonetics, Creole can be a language with complete grammar, high of meaning and function. However, speaker of creoles, like a speaker of  pidgin, may feel that they speak something less than normal laguages because of the way they and others view those languages ehwn they compare them with language such as French and English.

Spread of Creole and Pidgin

          Creole and Pidgin language has been spread although its not exclusive in the  world. Its can happen in the closer place with waters and seas.   

Characteristics of Creole and Pidgins

Creole and Pidgin have some point, are:

a.   Incomplete of clause sturucture

b.   Reduction and disappearance of syllables or words

c.    Reduction of consonant

d.   Using of vowel (a,i,u,e,o)

e.    Do not have a tone like in Asia

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